Forest vegetation surveys at eLTER site Zöbelboden in Austria, 1992-2021

Sampling event Observation
Latest version published by Test changing title - thanks! on Jan 30, 2026 Test changing title - thanks!
Publication date:
30 January 2026
License:
CC-BY-NC 4.0

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Description

This dataset contains long-term forest vegetation data collected between 1992 and 2021 at the eLTER site Zöbelboden in Austria. Vegetation surveys were conducted in 1993 and repeated in 1996, 2005, 2008, 2010, 2014, 2017, and 2021. During each survey, all vascular plant species occurring within the plots were recorded, and their percentage cover was estimated (according to Braun-Blanquet).

Data Records

The data in this sampling event resource has been published as a Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A), which is a standardized format for sharing biodiversity data as a set of one or more data tables. The core data table contains 1,059 records.

3 extension data tables also exist. An extension record supplies extra information about a core record. The number of records in each extension data table is illustrated below.

Event (core)
1059
Occurrence 
32610
HumboldtEcologicalInventory 
1059
Releve 
891

This IPT archives the data and thus serves as the data repository. The data and resource metadata are available for download in the downloads section. The versions table lists other versions of the resource that have been made publicly available and allows tracking changes made to the resource over time.

Versions

The table below shows only published versions of the resource that are publicly accessible.

How to cite

Researchers should cite this work as follows:

Reiss L, Dirnböck T, Pröll G, Mirtl M (2026). Forest vegetation surveys at eLTER site Zöbelboden in Austria, 1992-2021. Version 1.7. Test changing title - thanks!. Samplingevent dataset. https://ipt.gbif.org/resource?r=at-zoe-veg&v=1.7

Rights

Researchers should respect the following rights statement:

The publisher and rights holder of this work is Test changing title - thanks!. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC-BY-NC 4.0) License.

GBIF Registration

This resource has been registered with GBIF, and assigned the following GBIF UUID: bd1661c3-52e2-4e22-8d09-26c22a9ccf92.  Test changing title - thanks! publishes this resource, and is itself registered in GBIF as a data publisher endorsed by GBIF Secretariat.

Keywords

Sampling Event; vegetation; survey; braun-blanquet; releve; forest; long-term monitoring; IM; integrated monitoring; eLTER; Observation

External data

The resource data is also available in other formats

Contacts

Lisa Reiss
  • Point Of Contact
Environment Agency Austria
Thomas Dirnböck
  • Originator
Environment Agency Austria
Gisela Pröll
  • Originator
Environment Agency Austria
Michael Mirtl
  • Originator
Environment Agency Austria
Lisa Reiss
  • Point Of Contact
  • Ecologist
Environment Agency Austria
  • Spittelauer Lände 5
1090 Vienna
Vienna
AT

Geographic Coverage

National Park Kalkalpen, research site Zöbelboden, https://deims.org/8eda49e9-1f4e-4f3e-b58e-e0bb25dc32a6

Bounding Coordinates South West [47.838, 14.435], North East [47.847, 14.453]

Taxonomic Coverage

Plantae

Kingdom Plantae

Temporal Coverage

Start Date / End Date 1993-07-15 / 2021-08-26

Project Data

No Description available

Title ICP Integrated Monitoring
Funding Funded by the Austrian Federal Ministry for Agriculture and Forestry, Climate and Environmental Protection, Regions and Water Management Austria (BMLUK) under the ICP Integrated Monitoring Program (CLRTAP)
Related Projects Biodiversity Meets Data (BMD)
Grant agreement ID: 101181294

The personnel involved in the project:

Thomas Dirnböck
Gisela Pröll
Lisa Reiss
Christoph Wohner

Sampling Methods

Species cover was estimated using the Braun-Blanquet scale, adapted after Pfadenhauer et al. (1986), with defined cover range and mean cover percentages: + = 1% cover = 0.5% mean cover / 1a = 1-3% cover = 2% mean cover / 1b = 3-5% cover = 4% mean cover / 2a = 5-12.5% cover = 8.75% mean cover, 2b = 12.5-23% cover = 18.75% mean cover / 3 = 25-50% cover = 37.5% mean cover / 4 = 50-75% cover = 62.5% mean cover / 5 = 75-100% cover = 87.5 % mean cover). Vegetation stratification follows Kraft (1884, cited in Schieler & Hauk 2001), distinguishing the following layers: Tree layer 1 (TL1): Dominant to co-dominant trees. Tree layer 2 (TL2): Intermediate or subdominant trees. Tree layer 3 (TL3): Fully subordinate to strongly suppressed trees. Shrub layer (SL): Woody vegetation between knee height and approximately 3 meters. Herb layer (HL): Vegetation up to knee height, including woody species. Protocol References: Braun-Blanquet, J. (1963): Pflanzenphysiologie. 3. Aufl., Springer Verlag: Wien, New York. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-8110-2.; Traxler, A. (1997): Handbuch des vegetationsökologischen Monitorings. Methoden, Praxis, angewandte Projekte. Teil A: Methoden. Umweltbundesamt (Federal Environmental Agency), Wien, Austria.; Schieler, K.; Hauk, E. (2001): Österreichische Waldinventur 2000/2002. Forstliche Bundesversuchsanstalt Wien, Waldforschungszentrum. ISBN 3-901347-29-1.

Study Extent The eLTER site Zöbelboden is a remote forest site located within the Kalkalpen National Park in Upper Austria. The Zöbelboden was established in 1992 as the only Integrated Monitoring site in Austria under the UN Convention on long-range transboundary air pollution (CLRTAP). In 2006 it became part of LTER Austria. The 90 ha study area was established in 1992 using a rectangular grid with a spacing of 100 × 100 m. At each grid corner and midpoint, permanent plots of 10 × 10 m were installed, resulting in a total of 167 plots after excluding rock outcrops and forest plantations younger than 20 years. The first permanent vegetation plots were installed in 1992 with an initial survey of general relevé data (layer cover). Comprehensive vegetation surveys began in 1993, and plots were re-surveyed in 1996, 2005, 2008, 2010, 2014, 2017 and 2021. Full re-surveys were conducted in 2008, 2014 and 2021. In 2005, 2010 and 2017, a reduced number of plots was re-surveyed. All plots have a uniform size of 100 m2 (10 x 10 m).

Method step description:

  1. Installation of permanent monitoring plots at the site
  2. Repeated vegetation relevé surveys of the plots
  3. Subsequent data storage, management, and harmonisation

Bibliographic Citations

  1. Bernhardt-Römermann, Markus; Baeten, Lander; Craven, Dylan; Frenne, Pieter de; Hédl, Radim; Lenoir, Jonathan et al. (2015): Drivers of temporal changes in temperate forest plant diversity vary across spatial scales. In Global Change Biology 21 (10), pp. 3726–3737. DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12993
  2. Caron, Maria Mercedes; Zellweger, Florian; Verheyen, Kris; Baeten, Lander; Hédl, Radim; Bernhardt‐Römermann, Markus et al. (2021): Thermal differences between juveniles and adults increased over time in European forest trees. In J Ecol, Article 1365-2745.13773. DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.13773
  3. De Schuyter, Wim; De Lombaerde, Emiel; Depauw, Leen; De Smedt, Pallieter; Stachurska‐Swakoń, Alina; Orczewska, Anna et al. (2024): Declining potential nectar production of the herb layer in temperate forests under global change. In Journal of Ecology 112 (4), pp. 832–847 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.14274
  4. irnböck, Thomas; Grandin, Ulf; Bernhardt-Römermann, Markus; Beudert, Burkhardt; Canullo, Roberto; Forsius, Martin et al. (2014): Forest floor vegetation response to nitrogen deposition in Europe. In Global Change Biology 20 (2), pp. 429–440. DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12440
  5. Helm, Norbert; Essl, Franz; Mirtl, Michael; Dirnböck, Thomas (2017): Multiple environmental changes drive forest floor vegetation in a temperate mountain forest. In Ecology and Evolution 7 (7), pp. 2155–2168. DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2801
  6. Hülber, K.; Dirnböck, T.; Kleinbauer, I.; Willner, W.; Dullinger, S.; Karrer, G.; Mirtl, M. (2008): Long-term impacts of nitrogen and sulphur deposition on forest floor vegetation in the Northern limestone Alps, Austria. In Applied Vegetation Science 11, pp. 395–404.
  7. Knollová, Ilona; Chytrý, Milan; Bruelheide, Helge; Dullinger, Stefan; Jandt, Ute; Bernhardt‐Römermann, Markus et al. (2024): ReSurveyEurope : A database of resurveyed vegetation plots in Europe. In J Vegetation Science 35 (2), Article e13235. DOI: 10.1111/jvs.13235
  8. Landuyt, Dries; Perring, Michael P.; Blondeel, Haben; De Lombaerde, Emiel; Depauw, Leen; Lorer, Eline et al. (2024): Combining multiple investigative approaches to unravel functional responses to global change in the understorey of temperate forests. In Global Change Biology 30 (1), Article e17086. DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17086
  9. Padullés Cubino, Josep; Lenoir, Jonathan; Li, Daijiang; Montaño-Centellas, Flavia A.; Retana, Javier; Baeten, Lander et al. (2023): Evaluating plant lineage losses and gains in temperate forest understories: a phylogenetic perspective on climate change and nitrogen deposition. In New Phytologist. DOI: 10.1111/nph.19477
  10. Perring, Michael P.; Bernhardt-Römermann, Markus; Baeten, Lander; Midolo, Gabriele; Blondeel, Haben; Depauw, Leen et al. (2018a): Global environmental change effects on plant community composition trajectories depend upon management legacies. In Global Change Biology 24 (4), pp. 1722–1740. DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14030
  11. Perring, Michael P.; Diekmann, Martin; Midolo, Gabriele; Schellenberger Costa, David; Bernhardt-Römermann, Markus; Otto, Johanna C. J. et al. (2018b): Understanding context dependency in the response of forest understorey plant communities to nitrogen deposition. In Environmental Pollution 242 (Part B), pp. 1787–1799. DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.07.089
  12. Perring, Michael P.; Frenne, Pieter de; Hertzog, Lionel R.; Blondeel, Haben; Depauw, Leen; Maes, Sybryn L. et al. (2020): Increasing liana frequency in temperate European forest understories is driven by ivy. In Front. Ecol. Environ. 18 (10), pp. 550–557. DOI: 10.1002/fee.2266
  13. Sanczuk, Pieter; Verheyen, Kris; Lenoir, Jonathan; Zellweger, Florian; Lembrechts, Jonas J.; Rodríguez-Sánchez, Francisco et al. (2024): Unexpected westward range shifts in European forest plants link to nitrogen deposition. In Science 386 (6718), pp. 193–198. DOI: 10.1126/science.ado0878
  14. Segar, Josiane; Pereira, Henrique M.; Baeten, Lander; Bernhardt-Römermann, Markus; Frenne, Pieter de; Fernández, Néstor et al. (2022): Divergent roles of herbivory in eutrophying forests. In Nature Communications 13 (1), p. 7837. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35282-6
  15. Staude, Ingmar R.; Pereira, Henrique M.; Daskalova, Gergana N.; Bernhardt-Römermann, Markus; Diekmann, Martin; Pauli, Harald et al. (2021): Directional turnover towards larger-ranged plants over time and across habitats. In Ecology Letters. DOI: 10.1111/ele.13937
  16. Staude, Ingmar R.; Waller, Donald M.; Bernhardt-Römermann, Markus; Bjorkman, Anne D.; Brunet, Jörg; Frenne, Pieter de et al. (2020): Replacements of small- by large-ranged species scale up to diversity loss in Europe's temperate forest biome. In Nature ecology & evolution. DOI: 10.1038/s41559-020-1176-8
  17. Zellweger, Florian; Frenne, Pieter de; Lenoir, Jonathan; Vangansbeke, Pieter; Verheyen, Kris; Bernhardt-Römermann, Markus et al. (2020): Forest microclimate dynamics drive plant responses to warming. In Science 368 (6492), pp. 772–775. DOI: 10.1126/science.aba6880

Additional Metadata

This dataset is a Darwin Core-formatted version of data previously published at B2SHARE (https://doi.org/10.23728/b2share.8726314fb01848a5951c91808bd573b5). The data were reformatted and published through GBIF to support broader reuse and integration with other biodiversity datasets.

Acknowledgements
Alternative Identifiers https://doi.org/10.23728/b2share.8726314fb01848a5951c91808bd573b5
bd1661c3-52e2-4e22-8d09-26c22a9ccf92
https://ipt.gbif.org/resource?r=at-zoe-veg