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        <title xml:lang="eng">World Lizard Day 2024: Monitor Lizard (Varanus spp.) Count in India</title>
        <creator>
            <individualName>
                <givenName>C.S.</givenName>
                <surName>Samrat</surName>
            </individualName>
            <organizationName>Nature Mates-Nature Club</organizationName>
            <positionName>Research intern</positionName>
            <address>
                <deliveryPoint>6/7 Bijoygarh</deliveryPoint>
                <city>Kolkata</city>
                <administrativeArea>West Bengal</administrativeArea>
                <postalCode>700032</postalCode>
                <country>IN</country>
            </address>
            <electronicMailAddress>cssamrat1997@gmail.com</electronicMailAddress>
            <userId directory="https://orcid.org/">0000-0001-7492-1505</userId>
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        <creator>
            <individualName>
                <givenName>Priyanka</givenName>
                <surName>Mandal</surName>
            </individualName>
            <organizationName>JB Envrio Consultants PVT. LTD.</organizationName>
            <positionName>Environmental Consultant</positionName>
            <address>
                <city>Kolkata</city>
                <administrativeArea>West Bengal</administrativeArea>
                <country>IN</country>
            </address>
            <electronicMailAddress>mandalpriyankaofficial@gmail.com</electronicMailAddress>
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        <creator>
            <individualName>
                <givenName>Anindita</givenName>
                <surName>Majumdar</surName>
            </individualName>
            <organizationName>Netaji Nagar College For Women</organizationName>
            <positionName>Faculty</positionName>
            <address>
                <city>Kolkata</city>
                <administrativeArea>West Bengal</administrativeArea>
                <country>IN</country>
            </address>
            <electronicMailAddress>ani17in@gmail.com</electronicMailAddress>
            <onlineUrl>https://naturematesindia.org/</onlineUrl>
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        <creator>
            <individualName>
                <givenName>Arijit</givenName>
                <surName>Chatterjee</surName>
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            <organizationName>Asutosh College</organizationName>
            <positionName>Faculty</positionName>
            <address>
                <city>Kolkata</city>
                <administrativeArea>West Bengal</administrativeArea>
                <country>IN</country>
            </address>
            <electronicMailAddress>arijit.chatterjee@asutoshcollege.in</electronicMailAddress>
            <onlineUrl>https://naturematesindia.org</onlineUrl>
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            <individualName>
                <givenName>C.S.</givenName>
                <surName>Samrat</surName>
            </individualName>
            <organizationName>Nature Mates-Nature Club</organizationName>
            <positionName>Research intern</positionName>
            <address>
                <deliveryPoint>6/7 Bijoygarh</deliveryPoint>
                <city>Kolkata</city>
                <administrativeArea>West Bengal</administrativeArea>
                <postalCode>700032</postalCode>
                <country>IN</country>
            </address>
            <electronicMailAddress>cssamrat1997@gmail.com</electronicMailAddress>
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        </metadataProvider>
        <metadataProvider>
            <individualName>
                <givenName>Nandita</givenName>
                <surName>Barman</surName>
            </individualName>
            <organizationName>Nature Mates-Nature Club</organizationName>
            <address>
                <deliveryPoint>6/7 Bijoygarh</deliveryPoint>
                <city>Kolkata</city>
                <administrativeArea>West Bengal</administrativeArea>
                <postalCode>700032</postalCode>
                <country>IN</country>
            </address>
            <electronicMailAddress>barmannandita283@gmail.com</electronicMailAddress>
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        <metadataProvider>
            <individualName>
                <givenName>Anindita</givenName>
                <surName>Majumdar</surName>
            </individualName>
            <organizationName>Netaji Nagar College For Women</organizationName>
            <positionName>Faculty</positionName>
            <address>
                <city>Kolkata</city>
                <administrativeArea>West Bengal</administrativeArea>
                <country>IN</country>
            </address>
            <electronicMailAddress>ani17in@gmail.com</electronicMailAddress>
            <onlineUrl>https://naturematesindia.org</onlineUrl>
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        <metadataProvider>
            <individualName>
                <givenName>Arijit</givenName>
                <surName>Chatterjee</surName>
            </individualName>
            <organizationName>Asutosh College</organizationName>
            <positionName>Faculty</positionName>
            <electronicMailAddress>arijit.chatterjee@asutoshcollege.in</electronicMailAddress>
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        </metadataProvider>
        <metadataProvider>
            <individualName>
                <givenName>Arjan</givenName>
                <surName>Basu Roy</surName>
            </individualName>
            <organizationName>Nature Mates-Nature Club</organizationName>
            <positionName>Secretary</positionName>
            <address>
                <deliveryPoint>6/7 Bijoygarh</deliveryPoint>
                <city>Kolkata</city>
                <administrativeArea>West Bengal</administrativeArea>
                <postalCode>700032</postalCode>
                <country>IN</country>
            </address>
            <electronicMailAddress>basuroyarjan@gmail.com</electronicMailAddress>
            <onlineUrl>https://naturematesindia.org</onlineUrl>
            <userId directory="https://orcid.org/">0000-0001-9872-3562</userId>
        </metadataProvider>
        <metadataProvider>
            <individualName>
                <givenName>Vijay</givenName>
                <surName>Barve</surName>
            </individualName>
            <organizationName>Nature Mates-Nature Club</organizationName>
            <positionName>Research advisor</positionName>
            <address>
                <deliveryPoint>6/7 Bijoygarh</deliveryPoint>
                <city>Kolkata</city>
                <administrativeArea>West Bengal</administrativeArea>
                <postalCode>700032</postalCode>
                <country>IN</country>
            </address>
            <electronicMailAddress>vijay.barve@gmail.com</electronicMailAddress>
            <onlineUrl>https://naturematesindia.org</onlineUrl>
            <userId directory="https://orcid.org/">0000-0002-4852-2567</userId>
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        <pubDate>
            2025-08-15
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        <language>eng</language>
        <abstract>
            Monitor lizards, belonging to the family Varanidae and order Squamata, are ancient anguimorph reptiles found across Africa, South and Southeast Asia, and Australasia. They play a vital role as predators and scavengers in their ecosystems. The IUCN lists the Yellow Monitor (Varanus flavescens) as Endangered and the Bengal Monitor (Varanus bengalensis) as Near Threatened, while the Asian Water Monitor (V. salvator) and Desert Monitor (V. griseus) remain Least Concern. In India, all four species are protected under Schedule I, Part II of the Wildlife Protection Act (1972). These reptiles have drawn research interest due to their distinct morphology, behavior, and interactions with human settlements. However, their populations are declining due to urban expansion, habitat loss, pesticide use, and other human-driven threats.

<para>With the continued support and enthusiasm, we’ve successfully conducted the Monitor Lizard (Varanus spp.) Count over the past two years. Following its initiation in 2022 and the overwhelming response received, we are excited to launch the 2024 edition. This initiative aims to assess the current population and distribution of monitor lizards across India while raising awareness by actively involving citizens in the process.</para>
        </abstract>
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            <keyword>Occurrence</keyword>
            <keywordThesaurus>GBIF Dataset Type Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_type_2015-07-10.xml</keywordThesaurus>
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            <para>To the extent possible under law, the publisher has waived all rights to these data and has dedicated them to the <ulink url="http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode"><citetitle>Public Domain (CC0 1.0)</citetitle></ulink>. Users may copy, modify, distribute and use the work, including for commercial purposes, without restriction.</para>
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                <url function="download">https://ipt.gbif.org/archive.do?r=lizard_day_nmnc</url>
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        </distribution>
        <coverage>
            <geographicCoverage>
                <geographicDescription>The study was carried out all across the India.</geographicDescription>
                <boundingCoordinates>
                    <westBoundingCoordinate>71.920128</westBoundingCoordinate>
                    <eastBoundingCoordinate>92.701337</eastBoundingCoordinate>
                    <northBoundingCoordinate>30.379797</northBoundingCoordinate>
                    <southBoundingCoordinate>8.691209</southBoundingCoordinate>
                </boundingCoordinates>
            </geographicCoverage>
            <temporalCoverage>
                <rangeOfDates>
                    <beginDate>
                        <calendarDate>2023-08-14</calendarDate>
                    </beginDate>
                    <endDate>
                        <calendarDate>2023-09-14</calendarDate>
                    </endDate>
                </rangeOfDates>
            </temporalCoverage>
            <taxonomicCoverage>
                <taxonomicClassification>
                    <taxonRankName>phylum</taxonRankName>
                    <taxonRankValue>Chordata</taxonRankValue>
                </taxonomicClassification>
                <taxonomicClassification>
                    <taxonRankName>family</taxonRankName>
                    <taxonRankValue>Varanidae</taxonRankValue>
                </taxonomicClassification>
                <taxonomicClassification>
                    <taxonRankName>class</taxonRankName>
                    <taxonRankValue>Reptilia</taxonRankValue>
                </taxonomicClassification>
                <taxonomicClassification>
                    <taxonRankName>order</taxonRankName>
                    <taxonRankValue>Squamata</taxonRankValue>
                </taxonomicClassification>
                <taxonomicClassification>
                    <taxonRankName>kingdom</taxonRankName>
                    <taxonRankValue>Animalia</taxonRankValue>
                </taxonomicClassification>
            </taxonomicCoverage>
        </coverage>
        <purpose><para>For understanding the distribution of Monitor lizard species throughout the India.</para></purpose>
        <maintenance>
            <description>
                <para></para>
            </description>
            <maintenanceUpdateFrequency>asNeeded</maintenanceUpdateFrequency>
        </maintenance>
        <contact>
            <individualName>
                <givenName>Arjan</givenName>
                <surName>Basu Roy</surName>
            </individualName>
            <organizationName>Nature Mates-Nature Club</organizationName>
            <positionName>Secretary</positionName>
            <address>
                <deliveryPoint>6/7 Bijoygarh</deliveryPoint>
                <city>Kolkata</city>
                <administrativeArea>West Bengal</administrativeArea>
                <postalCode>700032</postalCode>
                <country>IN</country>
            </address>
            <phone>9874357414</phone>
            <electronicMailAddress>basuroyarjan@gmail.com</electronicMailAddress>
            <onlineUrl>https://naturematesindia.org</onlineUrl>
            <userId directory="https://orcid.org/">0000-0001-9872-3562</userId>
        </contact>
        <methods>
            <methodStep>
                <description>
                    <para>Data was collected through Google form questionnaire, where the users provided their observation wherever possible. The form was circulated along with an instructions poster in ecologically inclined google groups, e-mails, social media channels as well as personal messages. Parameters of this survey includes: Date, Location, Time of Observation, Species richness, Species identification, Species age classification through size, Habitat, Behavior and Nesting site.</para>
                </description>
            </methodStep>
            <sampling>
                <studyExtent>
                    <description>
                        <para>This study was conducted throughout the India during monsoon season.</para>
                    </description>
                </studyExtent>
                <samplingDescription>
                    <para>opportunistic sampling and submission of data  online through a google form questionnaire. Historical data was also accepted.</para>
                </samplingDescription>
            </sampling>
        </methods>
    </dataset>
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        <metadata>
            <gbif>
                <dateStamp>2024-06-18T16:18:26.931+00:00</dateStamp>
                <hierarchyLevel>dataset</hierarchyLevel>
                <citation>Samrat C, Mandal P, Majumdar A, Chatterjee A, Barman N, Basu Roy A, Barve V (2025). World Lizard Day 2024: Monitor Lizard (Varanus spp.) Count in India. Version 1.12. Training Organization. Occurrence dataset. https://ipt.gbif.org/resource?r=lizard_day_nmnc&amp;v=1.12</citation>
                <bibliography>
                    <citation identifier=" https://doi.org/10.15468/49tzb9">Chatterjee A, Samrat C, Mandal P, Das M, William S, Majumdar A, Barman N, Basu Roy A, Barve V (2023). World Lizard Day 2022 : Monitor Lizard Count India. Version 1.6. Nature Mates-Nature Club. Occurrence dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/49tzb9 accessed via GBIF.org on 2024-06-22.</citation>
                    <citation identifier="https://doi.org/10.15468/gmecv2">Samrat C, Mandal P, Das M, Sain R, Mukherjee R, Das A, Majumdar A, Chatterjee A, Barman N, Basu Roy A, Barve V (2024). World Lizard Day 2023: Monitor Lizard (Varanus spp.) Count in India. Version 1.10. Nature Mates-Nature Club. Occurrence dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/gmecv2 accessed via GBIF.org on 2025-08-12. </citation>
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